ITP | Can State Nondiscrimination Protections Mitigate Bullying And Attempted Suicide Amongh LGB Students?

December 6, 2024, noon - 1:30 p.m.

259 Educational Sciences

Erin Gill

PhD Candidate, Educational Leadership & Policy Analysis, UW–Madison

State policies that prohibit discrimination in schools based on students’ sexual orientation act as a reparative solution to reducing lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) students’ exposure to harm in schools. In this study, I test the impact of sexual orientation protections in state nondiscrimination policies on LGB students’ rates of being bullied and attempting suicide. Data for this study comes from three sources: (1) nondiscrimination protections from 1985-2021 state policy documents, (2) student reports of being bullied and attempting suicide from the 2015-2021 state-level Youth Risk Behavior Survey, and (3) state-level characteristics from the 2015-2021 American Community Survey across 22 U.S. states. Preliminary results from a difference-in-differences analysis suggest that sexual orientation protections in nondiscrimination state policies reduce bullying, but not attempted suicide rates, among LGB students. State policymakers will be interested in the findings of this study as they continue to face competing political pressures to expand or restrict LGBTQ+ students’ rights in schools.